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Oriente was the easternmost of the Cuban provinces with several fairly isolated pockets of sugar production. Its mills were amongst the least visited by enthusiasts, apart from one, Rafael Freyre, a superb narrow gauge system in the hilly country near the north coast resort of Guardalavaca.
Oriente province was split in 1976 into five new provinces, Las Tunas, Granma, Holguin, Santiago de Cuba and Guantanamo. The old provincial structure was the basis of the mill numbering system and was widely understood in the industry and in railway enthusiast circles. It is used here for convenience. Oriente mills were numbered in the 6xx series.
