sugar mills - standard gauge
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Most Cuban sugar mills had standard gauge rail systems, often directly connected to the FCC main line. There were some diesels but many mills used classic American steam locos into the 1990s, either purpose built or former main line machines and usually dating back to the 1920s or earlier.
Some mills had large systems, stretching many kilometres from the mill and sometimes connecting with the systems of neighbouring mills. Others accessed some of their fields by using lines belonging to the FCC, the national railway, to reach the more remote parts of the mill network. There were also inter-mill transfers where excess cane from one mill was taken to another mill for processing, often involving a long run down the FCC main line.

Although Minaz, the Ministry of Sugar, had some diesels, a lot of the mill railways relied on oil-fired steam locos well into the 1990s. Most of the locos were built in the first two decades of the 20th Century by American builders. Baldwin, Alco and Vulcan Ironworks were well represented but there were Porters, Limas and even Henschels. They came in all sizes as well from tiny 2-4-0s to massive 2-8-2s, although tank engines weren't unknown, they were fairly rare.
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